The "Male Qawwamah: A Critical Analysis of Amina Wadud's Thoughts"

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In Islamic thought, the concept of male supreme (Male Qawwamah) is recognized as an important principle that forms the basis for family governance, social responsibilities, and gender roles. Amina Wadud, known as a prominent Muslim feminist theologian, has critically addressed this concept, labeling it as an obstacle to gender equality and women's rights. This article provides a critical analysis of Amina Wadud's thoughts, highlighting how her interpretations differ significantly from classical Islamic understandings. She considers the concept of qawwamah mentioned in Surah An-Nisa, verse 34, as a product of patriarchy, whereas traditional scholars interpret it in the context of male guardianship, protection, and care. This analysis critically examines Wadud's interpretations in light of the Quran and Sunnah, Islamic jurisprudence, and modern intellectual debates. It raises the question of whether her ideas present a genuine solution to the issues of Muslim women or if they are merely a result of Western intellectual influences. Furthermore, it questions whether the concept of qawwamah in Islamic society truly contradicts gender justice or if a more balanced interpretation is possible. It is important to note that this research sheds light on Amina Wadud's intellectual foundations, critically evaluates her theories, and explores their potential implications in order to better understand the concept of male qawwamah within Islamic society.